Teenage pregnancy The IssuesThe causes and the eff Essay Example For Students

Teenage pregnancy The IssuesThe causes and the eff Essay ects A social activist, writer, teacher, and graduate from Queens College, Toni Cade, who later changed legally to Toni Cade Bambara, is one of the representatives of the Afro- American writers and black socially political black activist in American history. She has made many contributions to the inner city especially in her own upbringing in Bed- Stuy, NY and Harlem where she was born, March 25, 1939. Growing up in what was then one of the roughest cities she managed to succeed in life with her many accomplishments but not without the help of her two dearest mentors for whom she cared greatly. Miss Naomi and Miss Gladys, both whom were there during her adolescence to give her advice on life whether it be simple or complicated. Like in her famous, Gorilla My Love, she also wrote poetry, you might recognize one her famous The Black Woman. We will write a custom essay on Teenage pregnancy The IssuesThe causes and the eff specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now (Morrison108-109). Toni Cade Bambaras The Lesson is a short story about a group of young kids in the inner-city experiencing what it is like when you are deprived of a world with no limits, which I believe is true because I have experienced it first hand myself without someone their to show it to me. Sylvia, the main character, is being taught a lesson on discrimination and what it is like to be out of poverty and in a high class white society by Miss Moore, a close but not a true friend of her parents. Her cousin known as Sugar and her friends Rosie, Giraffe, Mercedes, FlyBoy, and Junebug accompanies Sylvia. In this story Toni Cade starts off by stating whos who and then gets into the plot which takes place in a toy store. Miss Moore takes them to the store by cab, They head to Fith Avenue and in the cab Miss Moore tries to teach Sylvia some arithmetic as she asks her to give the taxi cab driver 10 percent of what she owes as a tip. After ignoring her, they all make it to the toy store and by this time in the story Sylvia has made many rude remarks about others and comes off as a bully who seems to know all. She hesitates to get into the store because she is not familiar to her surroundings and when she finally does she makes a fool of herself as her and two of her friends fall in the store trying to get in noticing all of the neat and expensive toys they knew nothing about. Miss Moore is noticing all of this along with their frantic behavior except for Sylvia as she seems to catch on and doesnt want Miss Moore to take the satisfaction of seeing her act this way knowing where she comes from. Yet she knows nothing about the lesson being taught which is the true climax of the story. This short story may be short but it also is very difficult to read. It is one of those stories some may need to read once to get it and others may need to look over it several times before they get the main idea. I believe it also has much to do with stereotype as well as the fact that it has to do with money and the power the upper and even middle class posses. I say this because in this short story Sylvia stereotypes many characters in this story for example she states that Miss Moore is a hypocrite with nappy hair. She also claims that she is too black in skin tone to say she is as black as knight. She also criticizes Aunt Gretchen as she says she is sort of a dumb goofball that is the type of person you would send to do some foolishness. Let us not forget the manner in which she starts the beginning of the lesson as she claims everyone to be as old and stupid or young and foolish, and yet the irony of it is she was the foolish looking of them all along with her friends as compared to the upper and middle class whites not living in the ghetto as she did. They stereotype to .

Ielts Essays

Ielts Essays Ielts Essay Ielts Essay The graphs below show the post schools qualification held by Australians The two pie charts illustrate the percentage of education degree obtained by Australians aged between 25 to 34 and 55 to 69 in different fields of study. First and foremost, the Social Sciences and Arts have the highest rate of post school qualifications In both groups, while Architecture and Veterinary and Agriculture reached the lowest participation rate In the 25 to 34 and 55 to 69 aged group respectively. Bearing in mind that both samples are distributed by identical fields, Education almost displays the same percentage of student preference (14. 76% against 13. 17%). On the other hand, the quantity of people considered in samples is quite different. As evidence for this, the quantity of individuals between 25 and 34 years old (347,500) Is almost the triple of that of the 55 to 69 aged group (104,800). In brief, there are a lot of areas of interest which fulfill Australians educational expectations whether they are young or not. On the whole, young Australians are likely to be less reluctant to study than the adults because the first ones do not have any duties, such as raising a family, as the latter ones. (189) Test 3 The following graphs give information about the GAP The table chart contrasts the percentage composition of GAP and employment distributed by sectors, such as natural resources, Industry and services, In a developing country In 1992. Additionally, the line graph displays the tendencies of GAP in different sectors since 1986 and spreading out for 10 years. Almost a 78% of the employment in 1992 is explained by the natural resources sector while the most important contributor factor in GAP Is the services sector. Furthermore, The services and natural resources for the former contributed with almost 30% and 65% of GAP respectively In 1986. Since then, both lines show a downward trend over the whole analyzed period. On the other hand, the industry sector has a steady growth beginning firstly in nearly 12% of GAP in 1986 and finishing in almost 20% in 1995. In brief, It can be seen that the Industry Is Increasingly growing. This situation could probably be explained by the development of manufacturing enterprises In this sector. (174) -rest 4 The table below shows consumer preferences This chart reveals the consumer preferences from different countries related to wide range of washing machine features. Every user, from all the countries, selects 34 as the preferred height while the majority selects the front loading as the ideal choice, with the exception of the German. However, there is no resemblance of the predilection in spin speed and styling features among the people interviewed in the survey. As evidence for this, the French prefer elegant appearance in contrast to that of United Kingdom (inconspicuous), German (indestructible) and Sweden (strong) people. In the other theatres, such as drum material, water heating system, capacity and washing action, the preferences are equally divided. In brief, it can be seen that German people demand the highest value in capacity, spin speed and shell dimensions. This situation could be possible explained by the quantity of member who composes the typical close German family in comparison with that of other countries. 155) -rest 5 The graphs below show the enrolment The line graph contrasts the tendency of the registration of the student body in Australian universities from 1989 and spreading out for 10 years. There are upward trends of overseas students; whose beginning shows a significant rise as well as their total has a dramatic growth. On the other hand, local students display the opposite trend, their total and commencing indicat e a substantial fall and a steady fluctuation respectively. Regarding the number of students who comprises the student body, foreign students total are the minority. As evidence for this, in 1989 there were 20,000 non-local versus 400,000 local students, so the percentage of overseas was 5% of Australians students. As for student enrolments, we can see that both overseas and local students have actors, such as accreditation, facilities or graduate placement career, in Australian universities more than the local students. (150) -rest 6 The charts below show the results of a survey of adult education The bar chart illustrates the percentage of adults reason preferred which encourage to study. On the other hand, the pie chart shows the portion of studies cost which should be paid by taxpayer, individual and employer, according to the point of view of surveyed people. Among the wide range of reasons to study, interest in subject is the most popular (40%) while meeting people is the least (9%). However, there are other reasons, such as help for current Job (22%), improving prospects of promotion (20%) and enjoying learning/studying (20%), which have almost the same preference.

Literary Perspectives on New York City History Essay

Literary Perspectives on New York City History - Essay Example This essay takes a look at the literary works of a Frances Trollope, Charles Dickens, George G. Foster and William Dean Howells with a view to presenting an overview of the wide literary perspectives on New York's history. 19th century New York was arguably a city to behold. It might not have been as glamorous as London, but it could compare favorably well with the great cities of the time, and like London compared to Liverpool, or Paris to Rouen, Trollope believes that the New York of the 19th century was the finest city in all the colonies making up America. The beauty of New York City was reported in several historical documents. The elite section of the city was well organized and richly furnished. The opulence that radiated from this section of the city was easily comparable to what was obtainable in both France and England. Though gardens and flowers in front and around houses were not a common culture as was the case then in London and Paris, the elegance of the houses and their decoration was not less enticing. In this regard, Trollope1 writes that: "Every part of their houses is well carpeted, and the exterior finishing, such as steps, railings, and door-frames, are very superior. Almost every house has handsome green blinds on the outside; balconies are not very general, nor do the houses display, externally, so many flowers as those of Paris and London; but I saw many rooms decorated within, exactly like those of an European petite maitresse" Talking about the elegance of the 19th century New York City, one meeting point for most historians was the uniqueness of the area known then as Broadway. Broadway was, reportedly, the major road that cut across the whole New York City and it brought most of the city's business and elites together. Describing Broadway as the 'main artery' of New York City, Dickens2 report that the street was about four miles long, stretching from the Battery Gardens to terminate on the opposite end in a country road. Broadway was a very busy business area and was known for its well polished pavement stone and red brick houses, neat and well organized shops well dressed pedestrians. While Dickens argues that there possibly was no other street as 'sunny as Broadway' referring to the width and space of the street; Trollope writes that for its beauty, organization and businesses, Broadway was comparable to, not only Bond Street, but also Regent Street. 1. Mrs. Trollope Visits New York City In 1832, the English novelist Frances Trollope (1780-1863) published a memoir of her recent travels in the United States. Entitled Domestic Manners of the Americans, it contained the following observations of New York as it was only a few years after the opening of the Erie Canal 2. "A Dickensian View of New York" by Charles Dickens from Charles Dickens, American Notes (1842) Beside the uniqueness of Broadway in the early New York City, one interesting fact that appears to be common to all the historians is that like their counterparts in France and England, the female New Yorker of the 19th century was astoundingly fashionable. This fact was perfectly conveyed in Dickens statement thus: "Heaven save the ladies, how they dress! We have seen more colors in these ten minutes than we should have seen

The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children Essay

The Effects of Domestic Violence on Children - Essay Example Violence creeps quietly and firmly into living rooms via television and its contents. This source misguides its viewers in adopting unrealistic and cinematic use of violence in real life situations in homesteads and outside. Viewers invariably have the entire family and perhaps none of the family members escape this all pervasive and negative influence. Children, with impressionable and tender psyches, are increasingly witnessing real-life violence, either in their homes, streets, schools, work places and almost everywhere. This violence has not only assumed epidemic proportions but is a sad and painful reflection on our society when recipients of violence are children, particularly in domestic environment. An environment which is otherwise supposed to protect and nurture young ones instead works to leave deep scars of hostile violence. To top it all provocations may be extremely trivial. This state of affair constitutes both a public health and moral/philosophical crises. The United States (US) has the highest homicide rate in the world. The US homicide rate for young men is 73 times greater than that observed in comparable industrialized nations. Largely uncontrolled proliferation of guns and other lethal weapons is linked directly, for one, to the increased homicide rates among children and for two, to the numbers of violent incidents that children may witness. On an average each day in the US, 9 children are murdered, guns wound 30 children, and 307 children are arrested for violent crimes.

Media review Essay Example for Free

Media review Essay My practical production magazine Real is of the lifestyle genre, I looked at magazines like Now and Heat for inspiration for my magazine. With the lifestyle genre I am looking to put a mixture of real life stories and celebrity gossip in my magazine as these are the main connotations found in this genre. My target audience for my magazine is mainly aimed towards females aged 16-40 as this is a very popular target area and their basic interests and attraction to a magazine is easy to create. The magazine has fewer longer articles and more images and shorter texts as most of the people who read these magazines are on the move or dont have time to read through lots of articles and would prefer to flick through a magazine and still be able to pick up of the moment gossip or amazing true stories. My font cover is bright and bold to stand out to the reader. The name Real is used, as these are real stories and real gossip so the readers will have trust in the magazine to be truthful. The name is in black bold and is bigger than the other fonts on the page to make it seem more important. Also real the issue number, price, and website are drawn out from the rest of the magazine as they are in a pink text box outlined in black. I did this to draw attention to the name of the magazine and other vital information. My main story is about Jennifer Aniston and as the story is about Jennifer Aniston going through a hard time the image of Jennifer is of her looking quite sad and heartbroken to get sympathy of the reader. My headline for the main story is Jennifer Aniston Exclusive I put this because Jennifer Aniston is a huge star and people worldwide know about her so having her name on my magazine will attract people to read it. Also because Exclusive portrays that this is the only magazine that will have this information that again will invite readers to pick up the magazine. One of the other stories on my page is of a private interview with Paul Walker. This interview will interest readers as it is with a famous Hollywood actor and also because the interview is private it will attract people as it gives the impression the information will be more intimate and more private. My other two stories are of everyday people bringing in the more true life into the magazine. The stories are about people who have had difficulties with their relationships. I chose Gay boyfriend abandoned me when I was 8 months pregnant and My boyfriend cheated on me with my mum as these are stories that will shock readers and attract sympathy. The straight to the point shocking quotes I used will leave people wanting to read more. A lot of the audience I chose like to hear about tragedy and heartbreak which is why every story on my front page is upsetting and sad. The colours I chose for the front page are pink, red, white, black and blue as these are colours that stand out and make an impact on the magazine. I chose bright bold colours for my contents page to make the magazine seem more inviting. I used a black font in my columns of the contents page to make it clearer to read and easy to follow. The page numbers are in bold as this is vital information. The word contents is in red with a shadow effect to make it stand out, and the Real in its pink text box outlined in black is in the corner to remind readers of the magazine they are reading. I have a picture of Paris Hilton in the top right corner underneath the Real logo to show what is in the magazine; this image is suitable as it refers to an interview with Paris in the magazine. The points on the contents page are of different stories, gossip and competitions which attract the target audience I have chosen. My main article is about Paris Hilton a well known heiress who is often in the papers this will attract readers as Paris is getting into lots of trouble and people like to hear about her. I chose a stylish picture of Paris along with the heading Paris Hilton my secret confessions as this will make the reader want to find out more. Secret confessions sounds like shes only telling this magazine which will make the readers more interested in reading it. I chose some darker colours with white and black to make it more stylish, serious and simple as this was the atmosphere of the interview. I used questions in the interview that people would be interested in such as her career, love life, and enemies. At the end of the article I put the website for Real magazine so people will be encouraged to look up the website and find out more. There were few technical problems with my magazine. Sometimes it was difficult to arrange images or text in the right way, I spent a long time on my front page getting it to look right. Images were also an issue as many I found werent the right size or were filtered. It was difficult to find an image to go with the emotion or atmosphere of the interview/article. I was quite happy with my contents page and main article as I spent a long time on them and I thought they came out well. I wish that I had found better images foe my front page to make it look more professional and better laid out. My advert was easy and simple to do but it would have been nice to find images and text that go together better than the ones I used. I could have improved my practical production with more time and better resources and thats what I would do if I were to do it again, attempt more work on different computers, look at more magazines and spend more time on it. Overall I am happy with the work Ive done, I think I did quite well and am pleased with my production especially my main article and contents page.

Defending Egotism and Individualism in The Fountainhead :: Fountainhead

Defending Egotism and Individualism in The Fountainhead        Ã‚  Ã‚   "The structures were austere and simple, until one looked at them and realized what work, what complexity of method, what tension of thought had achieved the simplicity. No laws had dictated a single detail. The buildings were not Classical, they were not Gothic, they were not Renaissance. They were only Howard Roark." This dialogue in the powerful book The Fountainhead by Ayn Rand, set in the early 1920's in the city of skyscrapers, New York, describes the unique building style of the architect, Howard Roark which parallels his uncompromising and individualistic personality. Roark is forced to overcome collectivism in a society where Dominique Francon, a beautiful and wealthy woman, is the only person who understands his intentions and desires, while Peter Keeting, a third-rate architect whose career is successful due to his conformity to society, yearns to find self-respect, and Ellsworth Toohey, a Humanitarian, searches to destroy men's souls in his quest for power over mankind. In this extraordinary book, Rand combines both her seductive philosophic views with a touch of romance to tell the story of the dangerous effects of conformity of a society and of one man's struggle and ultimate success against these forces. The aura around the brilliant man, Howard Roark, is intimidating and obscure. He is feared by people of various stature, including the Dean of the Architectural School of Stanton Island of Technology where Roark is expelled for refusing to do projects in any style but his own, and Peter Keeting, a star student of this reputable school, who often times becomes angry after conversations with Roark because he can't understand the secureness his classmate feels about himself and his work while he fails to share the same confidence. Roark's eagerness to learn about architecture guides him to the office of Henry Cameron, a man who at one time was considered amongst the greatest architects but since has disappeared from the public eye to settle into a minute office and given only a few commissions. Roark pursues a job in the office of this "old-fashioned" architect because he admires Cameron's style. After his employer's illness and retirement, Roark ventures into many jobs, but is eventual ly fired from all of them because of his uncompromising attitude toward his work. After establishing his own business he receives minimal work because the buildings that he designs are not accepted by the public and are insulted in newspaper reviews.

Miller said the Crucible Essay

Miller emphasizes this by using short sentences with many pauses. The silence creates pathos for the characters from the audience. There is also a lot of questioning which reflects conflict and how the characters are helpless like a small child. This emotional togetherness of the Proctors contrasts greatly with their conflict with each other on pages 41-45: â€Å"A sense of their separation arises† p42. When the Proctors were together being able to live physically and sexually together they were separate but now they are about to be ripped apart they are emotionally together. Elizabeth speaks the last words of the play about John. This shows how their conflict has finally been resolved. This contrasts with the dramatic devices used in the next part of the scene after they begin to speak about John’s confession and when Hathorne comes in. This next part uses pauses and questioning as well to convey an interrogative atmosphere. It is no longer a personal scene- this part shows the community side to the play. There is a sharp conflict between the individual and the community in this scene but it is concentrated more on in the rest of the play. Another main theme in â€Å"The Crucible† is that of the conflict between innocence and experience/guilt. On page 110 Elizabeth says out in the open that â€Å"it were a cold house I kept. † This tells the audience that Elizabeth was frigid in her relationship with John. This has been hinted at throughout Elizabeth and John’s conversations and especially in Act 2 p42 â€Å"it’s winter in this house yet† as John says. Even though this is used by Elizabeth to show that she is guilty it tells the audience she is in fact innocent. To all appearances, and how most of the other characters perceive Elizabeth and Abigail, Elizabeth is the guilty one and Abigail is the innocent. They see Abigail as a child and a virgin who is pure sexually, morally and religiously whereas the audience, John, Elizabeth and Hale know better. The majority of characters see Elizabeth as the older, more sexually and sinfully experienced. Salem society’s religious outlook fogs their judgement and they assume that the woman who they perceive as sexually innocent is also legally innocent. As we see they are wrong in both respects: John has committed adultery with Abigail who is the experienced and guilty one. William Blake This play is about the individual vs. the community. It shows the world what can happen if an individual speaks up for his/herself and acts on his/her personal beliefs. If one is not on the side of the community one is estranged from the community and rejected. In extreme circumstances, such as in this play, one can be put to death. Hale says (p116) that † it is pride, it is vanity† to create conflict with the community when you know you will be punished for doing so. Personally I think, I believe Arthur Miller thinks and the character of John Proctor thinks, that Hale is wrong. He suggests that it is wrong when he says it is vanity. Miller tries to show that John is a mostly upright character and died for a good cause. Miller believes this conflict between the individual and the community is right when the community is repressive and punishing. The word â€Å"sibilance† in the stage directions (p106) at the beginning of this scene means hissing and actually makes a hissing sound when articulated properly. The sibilance at the beginning of this scene shows the conflict between Elizabeth’s inner emotions and the emotions of the other characters in the scene. This sound breaks the silence when John comes in. I think it sets the scene for the last part of the play because Elizabeth Proctor is very docile and defeated at this last part of the play and John’s feet on the ground sounds like an animal hissing in fright. I think that at this point Elizabeth is â€Å"hissing† inside and this is the expression of her inside emotions. It is later confirmed that she is very scared for John’s life and her own and terrified about the whole situation as she is later â€Å"in terror, weeping. † This is caused because of the Proctors’ earlier conflict being resolved. This sibilance could alternatively be interpreted as John’s defiance against the court officials and jailers because as we see when Parris feebly offers, â€Å"a cup of cider, Mr Proctor,† he has nothing but contempt for them. The themes in this scene relate to the play as a whole. The theme of truth and lies and its resultant effect upon justice and injustice runs throughout the play. It begins on a simple level in Act One then as the play develops the situation gets more serious. The yellow bird the â€Å"afflicted† girls â€Å"see† could symbolise lying because the colour yellow is often linked with this conflict. This conflict continues all through the play and is resolved at the end when John Proctor and Rebecca Nurse hang because they are on the side of truth. In a way one could say that justice is defeated and destroyed at the end of the play because of all the characters those who stand up for truth and real justice, not Salem â€Å"justice†, are hanged. In my opinion justice â€Å"wins† this conflict because Proctor doesn’t give in to lying at the very end. Although, he may be in part considering his and his family’s reputation, his behaviour can also be likened to that of a saint after all; it is reminiscent of the early Christian martyrs. The truth/lies and justice/injustice conflicts are intrinsically related not just in the play but also universally. Falsity like Abigail’s can invoke great injustices as we see in the play but falsity like Hale’s â€Å"let him give his lie† intended actions could bring us back to justice. In the same way truth like John’s saying he will not â€Å"sign myself to lies† can lead to injustice since he is hanged at the end but in this play a great number of characters would have to see the complete truth to lead the to justice. Since all the characters have some belief in God the supreme judge they all believe in truth and justice to a certain extent and that that will be give at the end. As Elizabeth says: â€Å"There be no higher judge under heaven†. No one except God can judge Proctor and the other people to be hanged. This essay has discussed conflict between and within various different themes, people and ideas. The Chambers Science and Technology Dictionary says that a crucible is, â€Å"a refractory vessel or pot in which metals are melted. † The introduction to the Heinemann version of The Crucible 1992 (Maureen Blakesley) says, â€Å"John Proctor is tested in a life threatening ordeal and his death at the end rather than betrayal of his conscience shows that he too has come through the fire to be purified. † I would go as far as to say that the crucible (refractory vessel) is the ordeal and events therefore the play itself: The Crucible and the whole idea of conflict can be taken from just the play title. When John finally has his transgressions and personal disbeliefs refracted he is executed. This is also symbolic to show he becomes pure suggesting he has reached paradise after being removed from the crucible. Imogen Hagarty 1 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.